Reflection paragraph on process

I felt good about this topic because I've always wanted to know more about this topic half my whole life. The easy part was finding pictures that show sickle cell disease blood cells and comparing it to regular blood cells showing the difference between them. The difficult part was finding all the information i was looking for like the specific questions i had about sickle cell disease.I enjoyed searching for information about sickle cell disease and finding stuff i wasn't even looking for or had in mind about my topic.I disliked some of the stuff i found out about sickle cell disease, finding out what these people with full sickle cell have to go through compared to what people like me with the trait have to go through. If i had this project to do again i would probably make a little bit of stuff different put more information into it then i did. I'm not sure what topic i would research next.

Reflection paragraph on sources

I chose all my sources because they gave me the most information, they have great pictures, tons of information about sickle cell disease, sickle cell anemia, it will tell you about people with the trait of sickle cell. How they go through life with a trait of this awful disease. How they don't get stuff as bad as the people with full sickle cell disease. if you want to learn more about sickle cell disease like i did you should use these sources also. i promise you'll find what you're looking for.

work cited

health.mo.gov 

ghr.nlm.nih.gov/...

www.cdc.gov/...

www.webmd.com/pain...

www.sicklecelldisease.org

Reflection Paragraph

I have learned a lot about sickle cell disease during my research. The most important fact I've learned is that you can die from sickle cell disease. Sickle cells are fragile. They break apart easily and die, leaving you chronically short on red blood cells. Red blood cells usually live for about 120 days before they die and need to be replaced. However, sickle cells die after only 10 to 20 days. The result is a chronic shortage of red blood cells, known as anemia. Without enough red blood cells in circulation, your body can't get the oxygen it needs to feel energized. That's why anemia causes fatigue.I thought that was most surprising to me, but i still have many questions that need answering like how long do people with full sickle cell disease live? Is there a cure ? When was sickle cell discovered? Ugh and so much more. I feel good about this topic its interesting and good to know more about something i have a trait of.

Finding Paragraph #3

My research has brought me to alot of answers to some of my questions. Like the complications that come with sickle cell disease.
People with sickle cell disease (SCD) start to have signs of the disease during the first year of life, usually around 5 months of age. Symptoms and complications of SCD are different for each person and can range from mild to severe.
The reason that infants don’t show symptoms at birth is because baby or fetal hemoglobin protects the red blood cells from sickling. When the infant is around 4 to 5 months of age, the baby or fetal hemoglobin is replaced by sickle hemoglobin and the cells begin to sickle.

Finding Paragraph #2

My research helped me find the answer to one of my questions. The question was, "what treatment do people with sickle cell disease need"
The goals of treatment are to prevent infections, relieve pain, and prevent or control complications. Infections are the leading cause of death in sickle cell disease. Pain attacks are the leading cause of emergency room visits and hospitalizations.
Because infections may lead to death, special measures are taken to prevent or reduce the severity of infections. This includes twice-daily penicillin for children for at least the first five years of life, special vaccines, and aggressive evaluation and treatment when patients develop fever or other signs of infection.
Vaccinations against certain dangerous bacteria (pneumococcus, haemophilus influenza type B, and meningococcus) and viruses (hepatitis B and influenza) are especially important for people with sickle cell disease. For more information about what vaccinations your child needs, visit The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Vaccine Education Center.
Blood transfusions are used to treat some acute complications and to prevent the occurrence or recurrence of other complications. Children who have had a stroke or are at high risk for initial stroke are given blood transfusions on a regular and long-term basis to prevent stroke.
Pain is most often treated with acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (also known as NSAIDs) and opioids, which are the strongest pain medications and include substances such as morphine, oxycodone and hydrocodone.

Finding Paragraph #1

In my research i have found many things, like i found out how people get sickle cell disease.Sickle cell disease is an inherited condition. Two genes for the sickle hemoglobin must be inherited from one's parents in order to have the disease. A person who receives a gene for sickle cell disease from one parent and a normal gene from the other has a condition called"sickle cell trait." Sickle cell trait produces no symptoms or problems for most people. Sickle cell disease can neither be contracted nor passed on to another person. The severity of sickle cell disease varies tremendously. Some people with sickle cell disease lead lives that are nearly normal. Others are less fortunate, and can suffer from a variety of complications.

Quote,Citation #5

scarc.library.oregonstate.edu/coll/pauling/blood/quotes/all.html

"Our postulate provides an obvious explanation of the action of oxygen in preventing the sickling of sickle-cell-anemia erythrocytes. We have visualized the sickling process as one in which complementary sites on adjacent hemoglobin molecules combine. It was suggested that erythrocytes containing oxyhemoglobin or carbonmonoxyhemoglobin do not sickle because of steric hindrance of the attached oxygen or carbon monoxide molecule. This steric hindrance effect might be the distortion of the complementary sites through forcing apart of layers of protein, as is suggested by the isocyanide experiments."

Quote,Citation #4

scarc.library.oregonstate.edu/coll/pauling/blood/quotes/all.html

"Science cannot be stopped. Man will gather knowledge no matter what the consequences -- and we cannot predict what they will be. Science will go on -- whether we are pessimistic, or are optimistic, as I am. I know that great, interesting, and valuable discoveries can be made and will be made...But I know also that still more interesting discoveries will be made that I have not the imagination to describe -- and I am awaiting them, full of curiosity and enthusiasm."
Linus Pauling. "Chemical Achievement and Hope for the Future." 1947 lecture hosted by Yale University, reproduced in Science in Progress. Sixth Series. George A. Baitsell, ed. 100-121, 1949. October 15, 1947.

Quote,Citation #3

en.wikipedia.org/wiki

Sickle-cell disease (SCD), or sickle-cell anaemia (SCA) ordrepanocytosis, is a hereditary blood disorder, characterized by red blood cells that assume an abnormal, rigid, sickle shape. Sickling decreases the cells' flexibility and results in a risk of various life-threatening complications. This sickling occurs because of a mutation in the haemoglobin gene. Individuals with one copy of the mutant gene produce a mixture of both normal and abnormal haemoglobin. This is an example of incomplete dominance.Life expectancy is shortened. In 1994, in the US, the average life expectancy of persons with this condition was estimated to be 42 years in males and 48 years in females,^[1] but today, thanks to better management of the disease, patients can live into their 70s or beyond.^[2]

Sickle-cell disease occurs more commonly among people whose ancestors lived in tropical and sub-tropical sub-saharan regions where malaria is or was common. Where malaria is common, carrying a single sickle-cell allele(sickle cell trait) confers a selective advantage—in other words, being aheterozygote is advantageous. Specifically, humans with one of the twoalleles of sickle-cell disease show less severe symptoms when infected with malaria.^[3]

Photo,Citation #3

http://www.nationalbaptist.com/

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is an inherited blood disorder which constitutes a global health problem. Approximately 100,000 Americans are living with the disease. One in every 500 African Americans and one in every 36,000 Hispanic Americans is born with SCD. Many more Americans perhaps as many as 2.5 million – including 1 in 12 African Americans are carriers for Sickle Cell Trait . Given that these carriers are generally unaffected by SCD complications, many are unaware that their children are at increased risk for the disease 

Chart,Citation

As displayed in the chart divided by race, Sickle Cell Disease affects blacks in the United states. Followed by Native Americans, Asians, Hispanics, and then Whites.

torresbioclan.pbworks.com

quote #2

www.diseaseinfosearch.org/

Sickle cell disease is a condition in which the body produces abnormally shaped red blood cells that have a crescent or sickle shape. These cells do not last as long as normal, round, red blood cells, which leads to anemia (low number of red blood cells). The sickle cells also get stuck in blood vessels, blocking blood flow. Signs and symptoms of sickle cell disease usually begin in early childhood and may include anemia, repeated infections, and periodic episodes of pain (called crises). This condition is caused by mutations in the HBB gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Treatment typically focuses on controlling symptoms and may include pain medicines during crises; hydroxyurea to reduce the number of pain episodes; antibiotics and vaccines to prevent bacterial infections; and blood transfusions.

What I Wanna Know

I wanna know so much more about sickle cell disease. the people with traits, people with full sickle cell disease. i wanna know what they go threw in life, like how having this disease effects their life. i wanna know if everybody with sickle cell disease have the same symptoms or if it give different effects on people. i wanna know who has died from sickle cell disease, who's real sick from it or who's suffering from it. there is just so much to learn about sickle cell disease that i need and want to know.

What I Already Know

I already know that sickle cell is a disease that you get from your parent, well one of your parents or both. i know if you have full blown sickle cell that means you can get very sick, have multiple trips to the hospital for sickle cell treatment daily. I know if you have the trait you get body pains often like in your legs, your stomach, bad headaches. having full blown sickle cell is way worse then having the trait. you can die from sickle cell disease.

wordle

 <a href="http://www.wordle.net/show/wrdl/7834414/sickle_cell" 
          title="Wordle: sickle cell"><img
          src="http://www.wordle.net/thumb/wrdl/7834414/sickle_cell"
          alt="Wordle: sickle cell"
          style="padding:4px;border:1px solid #ddd"></a>

 

 

http://www.blog.viacord.com/sickle-cell-disease/

 

 

Sickle Cell In some severe cases of sickle cell disease, surgery may also be necessary to combat certain complications including ulcers.

 

 

www.humanrights.gov.au/.../Sub0

 

 

Living with sickle cell disease

 

I interviewed a friend of mine, GM, who has sickle cell disease (HbSC). We thought his experience might be of interest to the inquiry because there are probably not many people with sickle cell in Australia but it could become more common with a larger African born population. Sickle cell is more common in people of African background.

 

Sickle cell is a genetic condition and one of G's children, J, aged 9, also has it and has been in hospital with it several times. He's an outpatient of Prince of Wales Children's Hospital.

 

Neither of them knows anyone else in Australia with sickle cell. G said he would like to meet other people if he had time, just to talk about it and compare experience.

 

“It depends if I have a time.. It would be good, we could talk about it, because sickle  - has different type of pain, in different places where it starts from.”

 

G is a Ghanaian who came to Australia in the 1980s. He has been receiving treatment for sickle cell through RPA since the late 1990s, when he was hospitalised with a severe sickle cell crisis and afterwards suffered a series of complications related to the condition. He is currently on disability support pension because he has chronic pain due to sickle cell related bone damage and he also has some problems with his vision. His wife is the breadwinner.

 

I asked him about his experiences of the hospital system and they were mostly positive but he did make a few points about it:

 



 

 

http://www.cleveland.com/healthfit/index.ssf/2012/01/university_hospitals_blood_dri.html

 

 

In this image sickle cell is getting treated.University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital is trying to change that through its annual blood drive that puts the spotlight on the disease and the need for more African-American blood donors. 

www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/.../
Tells the conditions of sickle cell disease, like what sickle cell disease is, how common it is, what genes are related to the sickle cell disease, and how people inherit sickle cell disease.

www.stjude.org/
Is about children treatment for sickle cell disease,St. Jude has been researching sickle cell disease since the hospital opened in 1962. The first research grant ever received by the hospital was for the study of sickle cell disease. Since that time, St. Jude has been involved in numerous research studies that have had a major impact on the treatment of sickle cell disease.

www.webmd.com/a-to-z.../
How Sickle cell disease changes normal, round red blood cells into cells that can be shaped like crescent moons. The name "sickle cell" comes from the crescent shape of the cells. (A sickle is a tool with a crescent-shaped blade.)

www.cdc.gov/.../sic
People with SCD can live full lives and enjoy most of the activities that other people do. If you have SCD, it's important to learn how to stay as health as possible.

Animoto

Sickle Cell